Home › Forums › Core Seminars › Rise of East Asia, Fall 2017 › session #10 10/21 afternoon (dube)
These readings focus on the early period of Communist control, particularly on land reform and the mobilization of the population.
Amazing article on Amnesia by China over embarrassing moments in their history over the cultural-revolution that occurred in China under Mao Zedong. This is not the only event that China uses the Amnesia policy to forget. The massacre at Tiananmen Square is another event that you will not see China acknowledging as they continue on their march to promote their power in the World. President Xi Jinping enjoys unlimited support from the Chinese people not seen sine Mao and XI has used this to pursue a program that places China at the top of the World power and order. It was interesting to learn that Xi’s family suffered under the cultural- revolution but Xi does not acknowledge this as well as not acknowledging the embarrassment that was the cultural revelation. This would be great to show students how selecting what facts people use can change the view of the world and lead to what we see today as Fake News.
As a photographer I really enjoyed the discussion about Kodak film as the patron that started the newspaper Shen Bao. We see how these brothers that started Kodak film using their power and money to attempt to create a market for American products in China. We see personal moments being glorified in the image of a middle class woman taking a photograph of her adorable child creating a Kodak moment. This was very applicable to my field of study and was interesting to see a film company using its strength to gain financial success. I loved the detail of the color of the box being yellow and Fuji film being the color green. Through my career I have seen the film companies go from dominating an industry to becoming almost obsolete. This could be used to teach how technology has changed the photography business and to talk about what the next photography revolution may look like.
From today's section, I learned something new which solved my longtime question about Chinese history.
I had been always puzzled why and how the Communist and the Nationalist once held hands togather and later on went throgh a 10 years Civil Was and ended up as a rival.
From Professor Dube's lecture today, I learned that Stalin, the leader after Lenin in Soviet Union the most powerful nation in the world is the key to my question held for years.
It is such a fancinating experience to look at history in different angles.
I knew Mei Lanfang as the the most famous actor in Peking opera was known by most of the Chinese.
I was amazed to learn something new about him which is very interesting: he graduated from Pomona College, and received USC honorary doctorate in 1990. Professor Dube shpwed some photos of him with Charlie Chapline and some other American celebrities which revealed he was also influenced by American education.
Chen Kaige, a famous Chinese director had produced a movie about Mei Langanf in year 2008 which was casted by Liming and Zhang Ziyi, two of Chinese famous actors. However, besides the luxury casting and director, this movie did not succeed in China's box office. The leading actor was criticized by the Chinese reciewsers mostly.
Really like the use of political cartoons. Clay's use of cartoons today are a powerful reminder to me on how you can grab attention and get students engaged. How other cultures, groups and political parties portray each other through cartoons is great way for students to see the purpose, perspective and tone of these propoganda pieces. And that is the great tool for us as educators. Students often think cartoons are just that, cartoons. But as they look deeper and look for the hidden meanings they discover the artist's or cartoonist's intentions. Even the ones that Clay used today that were not in English, they can be figured out, or at least explored for propoganda like meanings. Even if our students are familiar with cartoons from American culture or our local publications, looking at foreign or historical cartoons gives a different perspective and looking at Chinese cartoons of Amercian leaders and culture can allow them to look at their home culture from another perspective, that perhaps they have not considered before. "How do others see us?"
I really enjoyed reading about the stories of peasants and their perspective of China during the 1940s. It gives the reader an inside look of how life was really like for the citizens who were living in the rural parts of China. It was really sad to read how many peasants were living a desolate and horrendous life because the Nationalist government was busier with the Americans and Communist Party than to deal with its own internal problems. I would use certain selections of the readings to use in my class. For example, "the Nationalist government didn't help at all during the famine" is an excellent excerpt to use in class because it shows how some citizens were willing to commit treason. It would be good lesson for the students to learn about the different circumstances that would push citizens to overthrow their government like the Americans, French, and etc.
It is incredible that former Chinese Emperor Pu-Yi was used by the Comminist Party as a political scape goat/puppet. I imagine students being captivated by his story of being raised in isolation to the world (even to the reality of his own country) only to become a prisoner of the state and then eventually having his life being ghost-written into an autobiography that disseminated the propaganda that shifting status from Emperor to citizen was an improvement.
I could not find anything from Google on the card that I chose. What came up was a New Years card built that was just another type of card that was made in the wood block process. When I look at this card and interpret it I see a young couple that is riding their bikes through the countryside of China spreading the word and power of the written word. They are taking the words being created in the large cities and making these words available to the rural farmers. They are on a mission to educate and to bring the rural peasants along with the movement to create China as a global power. These young people are like missionaries that have given their life to the greater cause. They look to be happy, healthy and they represent the new Chinese national that will lead China into its next phase on the global stage.
In my opinion, Puyi could be the one who lived the most dynamic life in the Chinese history.
At age 3, he was made the Empporer of Qing Dynasty, while the decision was made by the lady-Cixi behind the curtain. Later on, the emperor system was banned, he was dictated by the Japanese, then became a prisoner in the Soviet Union, in China during his late years. According to the Chinese government, he was transformed and educated to finally qualied tio be Chinese citizen. He married 5 wives however has no child left behind.
There was a movie made by Ameirican famous director Bernado Burtolucci which was casted by John Chen and John Lone has won 9 oscar awards revealed some of his story in the western viewers.however, the Chinese government who gave the permit to fild the movie in the Forvidden city but do not agree with the movie content.
Great point Rick and amnesia seems to be contagious. Embarrassing moments are hard to look at, especially when we immortalize or put our own heroes or leaders on a pedestal of infallibility If we do not continually revisit our own history and ask questions, we will or do have the same issue. Liked Clay's talk on the "Long March" bridge crossing. Wow, a made up story of a heroic crossing and glorious victory? Sounds like we all can be guilty of this. I think we do need to ask questions, investigate and question what we are told. The recent series by Ken Burns on the Vietnam War reminds me on how in your face and visual that war was for the U.S public and yet there were still things that were kept in secret like Laos and Cambodia invasions. Clay mentioned a few areas now, Niger, Iraq and Afghanistan and examples to us today that are not too far off from a Tiananmen Square. Admission of mistakes and failures is not easy, but that is history. I think we are in a stage right now that as teachers we can clearly state to our students that things can be taken differently or seen from a different point of view, but just because you do not like something or agree with it can you just ignore it, make it go away or call it fake news and dismiss it. I think students today are looking for the truth and not just a line.
Required articles: Su, Yang on killings and Clarke on family planning.
Optional articles: Chan, Hukou System at 50 -- together with the one child family policy the most penetrating policy enacted by the Chinese Communist Party.
Chinese government white paper on the family planning program, 1995
It is evident that this card features Communist propaganda from the Cultural Revolution. The card features 2 Red Guards and what looks like 2 workers. The worker in the rear is holding the "Little Red Book" of Mao's sayings along with a hammer. This is typical propaganda from the time since it features Mao's two main characters from the Cultural Revolution, workers and Red Guards. The latter were considered vanguards of the revolution and were meant to stamp out the 4 olds: old customs, old habits, old ideas, old culture. The purpose of the movement was to reestablish Mao's authority of the leader of Communist China and eliminate dissent. High school teachers, unviesity professors, and other professionals were targeted and forced into hard labor in the countryside as "reeducation". The dates 1871-1971 relate to Shanghai Commune modeled after the Paris Commune 100 years earlier. The idea was to take power from the old party apparatus and form a revolutionary government.
Well my card is not terribly subtle, though the translation is fun; "Perfom late-marry and family planning for doing revolution." I actually use some similar pictures in class looking at the Cultural Revolution, but this one I have not seen before. The ones I have are with the father/ husband figure, mom and young girl. I personally have always wondered what is the deeper/ cultural meaning for putting in the young daughter. I always thought or understood that Chinese traditional culture valued boys, not girls. Perhaps there is my answer. Is the revolutionary government promoting a new ideal? Regardless, dad is grabbing his wrench for work, with his bayoneted Kalashinkov over his shoulder (nice touch for the family portrait) and mom is carrying her pick axe and the daughter is reading, what appears to be Mao's Little Red Book, but with a white cover. Perhaps a newer child version? But the message is clear. Build your career, help the nation, establish yourself, smile, be happy and then have one child. Plan your family for the revolutionary cause. Looks like this is from the late 1960s as the violent aspect of the revolution has calmed and people who participated are now looking to transition from fighting the "olds" to becoming old themselves and building a family.